Water absorbs long wavelengths much more strongly than short ones. In clear ocean water, red light is largely gone within the first five metres or so, orange fades by around ten, and yellow by around twenty, leaving the blues and greens that give dive footage its familiar cast. These are rough figures that vary with water clarity, sun angle and time of day, but the order never changes: red always goes first.
What matters is the total path the light travels, not only your depth. Sunlight goes down to the subject and then across to the camera, so a fish two metres from the lens at eight metres deep has lost more red than one right in front of you at the same depth. In lakes and temperate seas, plankton and dissolved matter tint the water green rather than blue, which is why Tint matters as much as Temperature there.
What that means for your clip
- Snorkelling and shallow reefs (up to about 5 m): plenty of red remains. Pick white alone often gives a clean, natural result.
- Recreational depths (about 5–15 m): the reef look plus a white pick brings back convincing colour, with some extra noise in the red.
- Deeper, by daylight only: very little red was recorded. Pushing it hard amplifies noise and compression blocks, so aim for a pleasing balance rather than surface-true colour.
- With video lights: subjects within a metre or two of the lights already have their colour, while the water behind stays blue. Correct for the subject and let the background stay blue.